Jacobs Geometry
Contents 2 sections

Chapter 16 One-Pagers — Non-Euclidean Geometries

One page per lesson, based on the teaching plan’s terms and concepts. Each page gives the vocabulary, the key rules, a homework helper, and common mistakes.

Lesson Topic One-pager
1 Geometry on a Sphere Lesson 1
2 The Saccheri Quadrilateral Lesson 2
3 The Geometries of Lobachevsky and Riemann Lesson 3
4 The Triangle Angle Sum Theorem Revisited Lesson 4

The three geometries at a glance

Question Euclidean Lobachevskian Riemannian
Parallels through a point not on a line exactly one more than one none
Summit angles of a Saccheri quadrilateral right acute obtuse
Sum of a triangle’s angles 180° less than 180° more than 180°

The key theorems of the chapter

  • Theorem 87: The summit angles of a Saccheri quadrilateral are equal.
  • Theorem 88: The segment joining the midpoints of the base and summit is perpendicular to both.
  • Theorem 89: Unequal legs give unequal summit angles in the same order.
  • Theorem 90: Unequal summit angles give unequal legs in the same order.
  • Lobachevskian Theorem 1: The summit of a Saccheri quadrilateral is longer than its base.
  • Lobachevskian Theorem 2: A midsegment of a triangle is less than half the third side.
  • Lobachevskian Theorem 3: The sum of a triangle’s angles is less than 180°.
  • Lobachevskian Theorem 4: Similar triangles must be congruent.